UW's SWAT Team

UW's  Small world Applications & Theory Team (SWAT  team, for short) consists of a group of undergraduate and graduate students from various discplines, and meets weekly under the supervision of Bryan Shader.The goal of the SWAT team is to scientifically investigate various small-world phenomena.Familiar examples of small-world phenomena are
  • the interconnectedness of the WWW--it is possible to get from any webpage to another in at most 18 links,
  • the fast spread of viruses across the world--that is greatly quickened by international travel,
  • the Kevin Bacon Game--the goal is to start with a random actor and then  find a sequence of actors  from the random actor to Kevin Bacon with the property that any two consecutive actors  were in a common movie, 
  • the airplane phenomena--why is it that the person seated next to you on the airplane always knows someone who knows someone ....  who knows your Aunt Ruth?

Less familiar examples of small-world phenomena are:

  • the efficiency, and vulnerabilty of the U.S.'s power grid,
  • the neural network of different animals, 
  • the synchronized flashing of fireflys in Papua New Guinea, and 
  • the structure of river and tributary drainage basins.
The goal of the SWAT team is to find research projects for each member to work on. Research projects are designed to fit members' strength and can be individual or group projects. Once a project is determined there are numerous  opportunities for supporting undergraduate research, and the team and supervise will provide the necessary encouragement and advise to pursue these funding opportunities. What could be better than getting paid to explore!


If you are interested in joining the SWAT team, contact Bryan Shader via e-mail at bshader@uwyo.edu or drop by his office at RH 321.

Past projects:
 

           Project:         Robustness of Small-world networks
           Student:        Andy Curtis
           Funding:      EPSCoR Undergraduate Research Scholarship Fall 2003 & Spring 2004
           Publications:  
                    Andy Curtis, Small-worlds: Beyond Social Networking,
                    Rose-Hulman Undergraduate Math Journal, Article 7, 2004.
                    download article at http://www.rose-hulman.edu/mathjournal/download.html

                    Abstract:
Small-world phenomena were initially studied in the 1960s through a series of social network experiments, and are, as evidenced by the game "The six degrees of Kevin Bacon", even part of our pop-culture. Recently, mathematicians and physicists have shown that most small-world phenomena are expected consequences of the mathematical properties of certain networks--known as {\em small-world networks}. In this paper, we survey some recent mathematical developments dealing with small-world networks, as well as present a new small-world network model and discuss some new ideas for decentralized searching. The goal is to give the reader a sense of the importance of small-world networks, and some of the useful applications dealing with these networks.

           Project:         External memory algorithms for graphs and digraphs
           Student:        Andy Curtis
           Funding:      Wyoming NASA Space Grant, Summer 2004
           Publications:
                               
                    Andy Curtis and B. Shader, Testing acyclicity and topological sort
                                in external memory,
under review.

       Abstract  There has been a considerable amount of work recently to develop external-memory algorithms for fundamental graph algorithms. This is due the increasing size of data sets for many modern applications. In external-memory algorithm design, memory is managed as part of the algorithm to minimize the number of input/outputs (I/Os) performed between internal memory and secondary storage. The number of operations performed by the CPU is generally ignored in external algorithm analysis, since a typical transfer of data from disk is about one million times slower than from internal memory. For a recent surveys, see [11, 12]. In this paper, we present the first I/O efficient algorithm to determine if a general directed graph is acyclic. In addition to checking acyclicity our algorithm returns a topological ordering of the vertices. I/O efficient topological sorting has been a long-standing open problem, and our results help to further progress work on this problem. Our acyclicity testing algorithm has an I/Ocomplexity of O((V + E B)log2(VB)+ sort(E)). Note that this bound matches the best known bound for topological sorting a general digraph using DFS. While our results don’t beat the previously known algorithm of [7], we provide further insight into the external-memory topological sorting problems.

Current projects:

           Project:        Coin weighing problems
           Student:       Kim Creaser
           Funding:      EPSCOR undergraduate research scholarship, pending
           

           Project:        Electronic voting and cryptography
           Student:       Brenda Christensen
           Funding:      EPSCOR undergraduate research scholarship, pending
           


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