Publications

Edwards, C., M. Haselhorst, A. Mcknite, B.E. Ewers, D.G. Williams, C. Weinig. 2009. Genotypes of Brassica rapa respond differently to plant-induced variation in air CO₂ concentration in growth chambers with standard and enhanced venting. Theoretical and Applied Genetics (in press).
Sun, W., V. Resco, and D.G. Williams. 2009. Diurnal and seasonal variation in the carbon isotope composition of leaf dark-respired CO₂ in velvet mesquite (Prosopis velutina). Plant, Cell and Environment doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2009.02006.x. article in pdf
Williams, D.G. and R. Scott. 2009. Vegetation-hydrology interactions: Dynamics of riparian plant water use. pp 37-56. In Stromberg, J. and B. Tellman (eds) Ecology and conservation of the San Pedro River. The University of Arizona Press.
Cernusak, L.A., G. Tcherkez, C. Keitel, W.K. Cornwell, L.S. Santiago, A. Knohl, M.M. Barbour, D.G. Williams, P.B. Reich, D.S. Ellsworth, T.E. Dawson, H.G. Griffiths, G.D. Farquhar, I.J. Wright and M. Westoby. 2009. Why are non-photosynthetic tissues generally ¹³C enriched compared to leaves in C3 plants? Review and synthesis of current hypotheses. Functional Plant Biology 36:199-213. article in pdf
Sharma, S. and D.G. Williams. 2009. Carbon and oxygen isotope analysis of leaf biomass reveals contrasting photosynthetic responses to elevated CO₂ near geologic vents in Yellowstone National Park. Biogeosciences 6:25-31. article in pdf
Resco, V., B.E. Ewers, W. Sun, T.E. Huxman, J.F. Weltzin and D.G. Williams. 2009. Drought-induced hydraulic limitations constrain leaf gas exchange responses to precipitation pulses in the C3 woody legume, Prosopis velutina. New Phytologist 81:672-682. article in pdf
Potts, D.L., R.L. Scott, J.M. Cable, T.E. Huxman and D.G. Williams. 2008. Sensitivity of mesquite shrubland carbon exchange in contrasting physiographic settings. Ecology 89:2900-2910. article in pdf
Yepez, E.A. and D.G. Williams. 2008. Precipitation pulses and ecosystem carbon and water exchange in arid and semiarid environments. pp 337-361. In De la Barrera E. and Smith W. (eds.) Perspectives in biophysical plant ecophysiology. A Tribute to Park S. Nobel. Book Compilation Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
Cable, J.M., K. Ogle, D.G. Williams, J. Weltzin and T.E. Huxman. 2008. Soil texture, plant cover, and current and antecedent soil water modify soil respiration responses to pulsed precipitation in a desert grassland. Ecosystems 11:961-979. article in pdf
Chehboni, A., R. Escadafel, B. Duchemin, G. Boulet, V. Simonneaux, G. Dedieu, B. Mougenot, S. Khabba, H. Kharrou, PH. Maisongrande, O. Merlin, A. Chaponniere, J. Ezzahar, S. Er-Raki, J. Hoedjes, R. Hadria, A. Abourida, A., Cheggour, F. Raibi, A. Boudhar, I. Behadj, L. Hanich, Benkaddour, N. Guemouria, A.H. Chehbouni, A. Lahrouni, A. Olioso, F. Jacob, D.G. Williams and J.A. Sobrino. 2008. An integrated modeling and remote sensing approach for hydrological study in arid and semi-arid regions: the SUDMED Program. International Journal of Remote Sensing 29:5161-5181. article in pdf
McDowell, N., W.T. Pockman, C. Allen, D.D. Breshears, N. Cobb, T. Kolb, J. Sperry, A. West, D.G. Williams and E.A. Yepez. 2008. Tansley Review: Mechanisms of plant survival and mortality during drought: why do some plants survive while others succumb to drought? New Phytologist doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02436.x.article in pdf
Resco, V., D.D. Ignace, W. Sun, T.E. Huxman, J.F. Weltzin and D.G. Williams. 2008. Chlorophyll fluorescence, predawn water potential and photosynthesis in precipitation pulse-driven ecosystems - implications for ecological studies. Functional Ecology 22:479-483.article in pdf
Williams, D.G., R.D. Evans, J. West, and J.R. Ehleringer. 2007. Applications of stable isotope measurements for early-warning detection of ecological change. In T.E. Dawson and R. Siegwolf (eds), Isotopes as tracers of ecological change. Elsevier Academic Press.
Hemming, D., N. Loader, A. Marca , I. Robertson, D. Williams, L. Wingate, D. Yakir. 2007. The future of large-scale isotope networks. In T.E. Dawson and R. Siegwolf (eds), Isotopes as tracers of ecological change. Elsevier Academic Press.
English, N.B., D.L. Dettman, D.R. Sandquist, D.G. Williams. 2007. Past climate changes and ecophysiological responses recorded in the isotope ratios of saguaro cactus spines. Oecologia DOI 10.1007/s00442-007-0832-x. article in pdf
Yepez, E. R.L. Scott, W.L. Cable, and D.G. Williams. 2007. Intraseasonal variation in water and carbon dioxide flux components in a semiarid riparian woodland. Ecosystems DOI: 10.1007/s10021-007-9079-y. article in pdf
Snyder, K.S. and D.G. Williams. 2007. Root allocation and water uptake patterns in riparian tree saplings: responses to irrigation and defoliation in a glasshouse environment. Forest Ecology and Management 246:222–231. article in pdf
Cheng, L., S.W. Leavitt, B.A. Kimball, P.J. Pinter Jr., M.J. Ottman, A. Matthias, G.W. Wall, T. Brooks, D.G. Williams, T.L. Thompson. 2007. Dynamics of labile and recalcitrant soil carbon pools in a sorghum free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) agroecosystem. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 39:2250–2263. article in pdf
Ignace, D.D., T.E. Huxman, J.F. Weltzin, and D.G. Williams. 2007. Functional response of native and non-native grasses to simulated precipitation in the Sonoran Desert. Oecologia 152:401–413. article in pdf
Ellsworth, P.Z. and D.G. Williams. 2007. Hydrogen isotope fractionation during water uptake by woody xerophytes. Plant and Soil 291:93–107. article in pdf
Potts, D.L., R.L. Scott, D.G. Williams, D.C. Goodrich and T.E. Huxman. 2006. The sensitivity of ecosystem carbon exchange to seasonal precipitation and woody plant encroachment. Oecologia 150:453-463. article in pdf
Scott, R.L., D. Goodrich, L. Levick, R. McGuire, W. Cable, D. Williams, R. Gazal, E. Yepez, P. Ellsworth and T. Huxman. 2006. Determining the riparian groundwater use within the San Pedro Riparian National Conservation Area and the Sierra Vista Sub-Basin, Arizona. In Hydrologic Requirements of and Consumptive Ground-Water Use by Riparian Vegetation along the San Pedro River, Arizona. Compiled by J.M. Leenhouts, J.C. Stromberg, and R.L. Scott. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report.
Williams, D.G., T.E. Huxman, R.L. Scott, D. Goodrich and G. Lin. 2006. Sensitivity of riparian ecosystems in arid and semiarid environments to moisture pulses. Hydrological Processes 20:3191–3205. article in pdf
Gazal, R., R.L. Scott, D.C. Goodrich and D.G. Williams. 2006. Controls on transpiration in a desert riparian cottonwood forest. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 137:56–67. article in pdf
Potts, D.L., T.E. Huxman, J.M. Cable, N.B. English, D.D. Ignace, J.A. Eilts, M.J. Mason, J.F. Weltzin and D.G. Williams. 2006. Antecedent moisture and seasonal precipitation influence response of canopy-scale carbon and water exchange to rainfall pulses in semi-arid grassland. New Phytologist doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01732.x. article in pdf
Scott, R.L., T.E. Huxman, D.G. Williams, D.C. Goodrich. 2006. Ecohydrological impacts of woody plant encroachment: seasonal patterns of water and carbon dioxide exchange within a semiarid riparian environment. Global Change Biology 12:311–324. article in pdf
Hultine K.R., D.F. Koepke, W.T. Pockman , A. Fravolini, J.S. Sperry and D.G. Williams. 2006. Influence of soil texture on hydraulic properties and water relations of a dominant warm-desert Phreatophyte. Tree Physiology 26:313-323. article in pdf
Yepez, E.A., T.E. Huxman, D.D. Ignace, N.B. English, J.F. Weltzin, A.E. Castellanos and D.G. Williams. 2005. Dynamics of transpiration and evaporation following a moisture pulse in semiarid grassland: a chamber-based isotope method for partitioning flux components. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 132:359-376. article in pdf
Potts, D.L., T.E. Huxman, B.J. Enquist, J. Weltzin and D.G. Williams. 2005. Resilience and resistance of ecosystem functional response to a precipitation pulse in a semi-arid grassland. Journal of Ecology 94:23-30. article in pdf
Williams, D.G. 2005. Isotopes reveal sources and sinks of trace gases. Ecology 86:3131-3132. Book review of Stable isotopes and biosphere-atmosphere interactions by Larry Flanagan, Jim Ehleringer and Diane Pataki (eds).
Williams, D.G. 2005. Eos, Transactions of the American Geophysical Union 86:344. Book review of Ecohydrology of water-controlled ecosystems: soil moisture and plant dynamics by Ignacio Rodríguez-Iturbe and Amilcare Porporato.
Ferrio, J.P., V. Resco, D.G. Williams, L. Serrano, J. Voltas. 2005. Stable isotopes in arid and semi-arid forest systems. Investigación Agraria. Sistemas y Recursos Forestales Monográfico, 1-12.
Pendall, E., D.G. Williams and S.W. Leavitt. 2005. Seasonal and diurnal variations in pinon pine leaf water isotopic enrichment across a summer moisture gradient. Oecologia 145:605-618. article in pdf
Fravolini, A., K. Hultine, E. Brugnoli, R. Gazal, N. English and D.G. Williams. 2005. Precipitation pulse use by an invasive woody legume: the role of soil texture and pulse size. Oecologia 144:618-627. article in pdf
Williams, D.G., J. Coltrain, M. Lott, N. English, and J.R. Ehleringer. 2005. Oxygen isotopes in cellulose identify source water for archaeological maize in the American Southwest. Journal of Archaeological Science 32:931-939. article in pdf
English, N.B, J.F. Weltzin, A. Fravolini, L. Thomas, D.G. Williams. 2005. Design and performance of large-scale precipitation shelters in semi-desert grassland, Santa Rita Experimental Range, Arizona. Journal of Arid Environments 63:324-343. article in pdf
Salo, L.F., G.R. McPherson and D.G. Williams. 2005. Sonoran Desert winter annuals affected by density of red brome (Bromus madritensis subsp. rubens) and soil nitrogen. American Midland Naturalist 153:95-109. article in pdf
Huxman, T.E., J.M. Cable, D.D. Ignace, J.A. Eilts, N.B. English, J. Weltzin, and D.G. Williams. 2004. Response of net ecosystem gas exchange to a simulated precipitation pulse in a semi-arid grassland: the role of native and non-native grasses and soil texture. Oecologia 141:295-305. article in pdf
Williams, D.G., W. Cable, K. Hultine, J.C.B. Hoedjes, E. Yepez, V. Simonneaux, S. Er-Raki, G. Boulet, H.A.R. de Bruin, A. Chehbouni, O.K. Hartogensis and F. Timouk. 2004. Components of evapotranspiration determined by stable isotope, sap flow and eddy covariance techniques. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 125:241-258. article in pdf
Hultine, K.R., R.L. Scott, W.L. Cable, and D.G. Williams. 2004. Hydraulic redistribution by a dominant, warm desert phreatophyte: seasonal patterns and response to precipitation pulses. Functional Ecology 18:530-538. article in pdf
Goodrich, D.C., D.G. Williams, C.L. Unkrich, J.F. Hogan, R.L. Scott, K.R. Hultine, D. Pool, A.L. Coes, and S. Miller. 2004. Comparison of methods to estimate ephemeral channel recharge, Walnut Gulch, San Pedro River Basin, Arizona, in Groundwater Recharge in a Desert Environment: The Southwestern United States, edited by J.F. Hogan, F.M. Phillips, and B.R. Scanlon, Water Science and Applications Series, vol. 9, American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., 77-99.
Guerenstein, P., E. Yepez, D.G. Williams, and J. Hildebrand. 2004. Floral CO₂ emission may signal food abundance to nectar feeding moths. Naturwissenschaften 91:329-333. article in pdf
Huxman T.E., M.D. Smith, P.A. Fay, A.K. Knapp, M.R. Shaw, M.E. Loik, S.D. Smith, D.T. Tissue, J.C. Zak, J.F. Weltzin, W.T. Pockman, O.E. Sala, B. Haddad, J. Harte, G.W. Koch, S. Schwinning, E.E. Small, and D.G. Williams. 2004. Precipitation and production: convergence across biomes to a common rain-use efficiency. Nature 429:651-654. article in pdf
Potts, D.L. and D.G. Williams. 2004. Response of tree ring holocellulose d¹³C to moisture availability in Populus fremontii at perennial and intermittent stream reaches. Western North American Naturalist 64:27-37.
Weltzin, J.F., M.E. Loik, S. Schwinning, D.G. Williams, P. Fay, B. Haddad, J. Harte, T.E. Huxman, A.K. Knapp, G. Lin, W.T. Pockman, M.R. Shaw, E. Small, M.D. Smith, S.D. Smith, D.T. Tissue, and J.C. Zak. 2003. Assessing the response of terrestrial ecosystems to potential changes in precipitation. BioScience 53:941-952. article in pdf
Fravolini, A., K.R. Hultine, D.F. Koepke, and D.G. Williams. 2003. The role of soil texture on mesquite water relations and response to summer precipitation. In: Santa Rita Experimental Range: One Hundred Years (1903 to 2003) of accomplishments and contributions; conference proceedings; 2003 October 30 - November 1, Tucson, AZ. Proc. RMRS-P-00. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
English, N.B., Williams, D.G, Weltzin, J.F. 2003. Soil temperature and water dynamics after experimental irrigation on two contrasting soils on the Santa Rita Experimental Range: Implications for mesquite establishment, In: Santa Rita Experimental Range: One Hundred Years (1903 to 2003) of accomplishments and contributions; conference proceedings; 2003 October 30 - November 1, Tucson, AZ. Proc. RMRS-P-00. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
Goodrich, D.C., D.G. Williams, C.L. Unkrich, R.L. Scott, K.R. Hultine, D. Pool, A. Coes, and J. Hogan. 2003. Ephemeral channel recharge and evapotranspiration from near-channel vegetation. Proceedings of Research in the Watersheds Conference. 50th anniversary of Walnut Gulch, USDA-ARS.
Weltzin, J.F. and D.G. Williams. 2003. Isotopes for Ecosystems. Editorial on "Tracing changes in ecosystem function under elevated CO₂" by Pataki et al. BioScience 53:795.
Yepez, E.A., D.G. Williams, R. Scott, and G. Lin. 2003. Partitioning overstory and understory evapotranspiration in a semi-arid savanna ecosystem from the isotopic composition of water vapor. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 119:53-68. article in pdf
Snyder, K.A., and D.G. Williams. 2003. Experimental defoliation differentially alters water uptake by deep and shallow roots of Prosopis velutina (mesquite). Functional Ecology 17:363-374. article in pdf
Hultine, K.L., W.L. Cable, S.S.O. Burgess, and D.G. Williams. 2003. Hydraulic redistribution by deep roots of a Chihuahuan desert phreatophyte. Tree Physiology 23:353-360.
Hultine, K., D.G. Williams, S.S.O. Burgess, and T.O. Keefer. 2003. Hydraulic redistribution and diurnal storage capacitance in desert phreatophytes. Oecologia 135:167-175. article in pdf
Williams, D.G. and K.A. Snyder. 2003. Responses of woody plants to heterogeneity of soil water in arid and semiarid environments. Pages 28-46. In J. Weltzin and G. McPherson (eds), Changing precipitation regimes and terrestrial ecosystems. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
Scott, R.L., C. Watts, J. Garatuza, E. Edwards, D.C. Goodrich, D.G. Williams, and W.J. Shuttleworth. 2003. The understory and overstory partitioning of energy and water fluxes in a semi-arid woodland ecosystem. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 114:127-139. article in pdf
Fravolini, A., D.G. Williams, and T.L. Thompson. 2002. Carbon isotope discrimination and bundle sheath leakiness in three C4 subtypes grown under variable nitrogen, water and atmospheric CO2 supply. Journal of Experimental Botany 53:2261-2269. article in pdf
Brooks, J.R., N. Buchmann, S. Phillips, B. Ehleringer, R. Evans, L.A. Martinelli, W.T. Pockman, D. Sandquist, J.P. Sparks, L. Sperry, D.G. Williams, and J.R. Ehleringer. 2002. Heavy and light beer: a carbon isotope approach to detecting C4 carbon in beers of different origins, styles and prices. Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry 50:6413-6418. article in pdf
Williams, D.G., V. Gempko, A. Fravolini, S.W. Leavitt, G.W. Wall, B.A. Kimball, and P.J. Pinter Jr, R. LaMorte, and M. Ottman. 2001. Carbon isotope discrimination by Sorghum bicolor under CO₂ enrichment and drought. New Phytologist 150:285-293. article in pdf
Matthias, A.D., S.W. Leavitt, T.L. Thompson, B.A. Kimball, P.J. Pinter Jr, G.W. Wall, R.S. Rauschkolb, M.J. Ottman, R.L. Roth, T.J. Brooks, N.R. Adam, R.L. LaMorte, G. Weschsung, F. Weschung, F.J. Adamsen, D.G. Williams, F.S. Nakayama, D.J. Hunsacker, J. Watson, S.A. White, J.T. Welzmiller. 2001. Free-air CO₂ enrichment effects on wheat and sorghum at Maricopa, Arizona, USA. In Carbon dioxide and vegetation: advanced international approaches for absorption of CO₂ and responses to CO₂ -The 13th Global Environment Tsukuba-, CGER-I046-2001, CGER/NIES.
Weltzin, J.F., K.A. Snyder, and D.G. Williams. 2001. Changes in precipitation seasonality and oak (Quercus) recruitment: linking physiology and demography. Western North American Naturalist 61:463-472. article in pdf
Wall, G.W., T.J. Brooks, N.R. Adam, A. Cousins, B.A. Kimball, P.J. Pinter, Jr, R.L. LaMorte, J. Triggs, M.J. Ottman, S.W. Leavitt, A.D. Matthias, D.G. Williams, and A.N. Webber. 2001. Elevated atmospheric CO₂ improved Sorghum plant water status by ameliorating the adverse effects of drought. New Phytologist 152:231-248. article in pdf
Williams, D.G. and J. R. Ehleringer. 2000. Carbon isotope discrimination and water relations in oak hybrid populations in southwestern Utah. Western North American Naturalist 60:121-129.
Williams, D.G. and J. R. Ehleringer. 2000. Intra- and interspecific variation for summer precipitation use in pinyon-juniper woodlands. Ecological Monographs 70:517-537. article in pdf
Snyder, K. and D.G. Williams. 2000. Water sources used by riparian trees varies among stream types on the San Pedro river, Arizona. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 105:227-240. article in pdf
Schaeffer, S.M., D.G. Williams, and D.C. Goodrich. 2000. Transpiration in cottonwood/willow forest patches estimated from sap flux. Agricultural and Forest Meterology 105:257-270. article in pdf
Goodrich, D.C., R. Scott, J. Qi, B. Goff, C.L. Unkrich, M.S. Moran, D.G. Williams, S. Schaeffer, K. Snyder, R. MacNish, T. Maddock, D. Pool, A. Chehbouni, D.I. Cooper, W.E. Eichinger, W.J. Shuttleworth, Y. Kerr, R. Marsett, and W. Ni. 2000. Seasonal estimates of riparian evapotranspiration using remote and in-situ measurements. Agricultural and Forest Meterology 105:281-309. article in pdf
Goodrich, D.C., A. Chehbouni, B. Goff, B. MacNish, T. Maddock, S. Moran, W.J. Shuttleworth, D.G. Williams et al. 2000. Preface paper to the Semi-Arid Land-Surface-Atmosphere (SALSA) program special issue. Agricultural and Forest Meterology 105:3-19. article in pdf
Cooper, D.I., W.E. Eichenger, L. Hipps, J. Kao, J. Reisner, S. Smith, S.M. Schaeffer, and D.G. Williams. 2000. Spatial and temporal properties of water vapor and flux over a riparian canopy. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 105:161-183. article in pdf
Williams, D.G. and Z. Baruch. 2000. African grass invasion in the Americas: ecosystem consequences and the role of ecophysiology. Biological Invasions 2:123-140. article in pdf
Williams, D.G., G.R. McPherson, and J.F. Weltzin. 1999. Stress in Wildland plants: Implications for ecosystems structure and function. In M. Pessarakli (ed). Handbook of plant and crop stress: second edition. Marcel Dekkar, Inc., New York.
Williams, D.G. 1999. The roots of grass success. Book review, BioScience 49:667-670.
Linton, M.J., J.S. Sperry, and D.G. Williams. 1998. Xylem cavitation in roots and branches of Juniperus osteosperma and Pinus edulis. Functional Ecology 12:906-911. article in pdf
Ehleringer, J.R., R.D. Evans, and D. Williams. 1998. Assessing sensitivity to change in desert ecosystems - a stable isotope approach, p. 223-237. In H. Griffiths (ed.), Stable Isotopes Integration of Biological, Ecological, and Geochemical Processes. BIOS Scientific Publ., Oxford.
Maddock III, T., R.D. MacNish, D.C. Goodrich, D.G. Williams, W.J. Shuttleworth, et al. 1998. The overview of atmospheric and surface water coupling to regional groundwater models in semi-arid basins. Pages 38-42, In Wood, E.F., A.G. Chehbouni, D.C. Goodrich, D.J. Seo, and J.R. Zimmerman, technical coordinators. Proceedings from the Special Symposium on Hydrology. American Meteorological Society, Boston, Massachusetts.
Moran, S., D. Williams, D. Goodrich, A. Chehbouni et al. 1998. Overview of remote sensing of semi-arid ecosystem function in the upper San Pedro river basin. Pages 49-54, In Wood, E.F., A.G. Chehbouni, D.C. Goodrich, D.J. Seo, and J.R. Zimmerman, technical coordinators. Proceedings from the Special Symposium on Hydrology. American Meteorological Society, Boston, Massachusetts.
Qi, J., M.S. Moran, D.C. Goodrich, R. Marsett, R. Scott, A. Chehbouni, S. Schaeffer, J. Schieldge, D. Williams, T. Keefer, D. Cooper, L. Hipps, W. Eichinger, and W. Ni. 1998. Estimation of evapotranspiration over the San Pedro riparian area with remote and in situ measurements. Pages 55-60, In Wood, E.F., A.G. Chehbouni, D.C. Goodrich, D.J. Seo, and J.R. Zimmerman, technical coordinators. Proceedings from the Special Symposium on Hydrology. American Meteorological Society, Boston, Massachusetts.
Schaeffer, S., and D.G. Williams. 1998. Transpiration of desert riparian forest canopies estimated from sap flux. Pages 180-184, In Wood, E.F., A.G. Chehbouni, D.C. Goodrich, D.J. Seo, and J.R. Zimmerman, technical coordinators. Proceedings from the Special Symposium on Hydrology. American Meteorological Society, Boston, Massachusetts.
Snyder, K.A., D.G. Williams, and V.L. Gempko. 1998. Water source determination for cottonwood, willow and mesquite in riparian forest stands. Pages 185-188, In Wood, E.F., A.G. Chehbouni, D.C. Goodrich, D.J. Seo, and J.R. Zimmerman, technical coordinators. Proceedings from the Special Symposium on Hydrology. American Meteorological Society, Boston, Massachusetts.
Williams, D.G., J.-P. Brunel, S.M. Schaeffer, and K.A. Snyder. 1998. Biotic controls over the functioning of desert riparian ecosystems. Pages 43-48, In Wood, E.F., A.G. Chehbouni, D.C. Goodrich, D.J. Seo, and J.R. Zimmerman, technical coordinators. Proceedings from the Special Symposium on Hydrology. American Meteorological Society, Boston, Massachusetts.
Williams, D.G. and R.A. Black. 1996. Resource limitations to growth and gas exchange for introduced Pennisetum setaceum on Hawaii. Canadian Journal of Botany 74:268-265.
Williams, D.G. and J.R. Ehleringer. 1996. Carbon isotope discrimination in three semi-arid woodland species along a monsoon gradient. Oecologia 106:455-460.
Williams, D.G., Mack, R.N. and R.A. Black. 1995. Ecophysiology and growth of introduced Pennisetum setaceum on Hawaii: The role of phenotypic plasticity. Ecology 76:1569-1580.
Williams, D.G. and R.A. Black. 1994. Response to drought for a native and introduced Hawaiian grass. Oecologia 97:512-519.
Williams, D.G. and R.A. Black. 1993. Phenotypic variation in contrasting temperature environments: Growth and photosynthesis in Pennisetum setaceum from different altitudes on Hawaii. Functional Ecology 7:623-633. article in pdf
Williams, D.G. and D.D. Briske. 1991. Size and ecological significance of the physiological individual in the bunchgrass Schizachyrium scoparium. Oikos 62:41-47.